توضیحات

Carbon quantum dots (CQDs)

Carbon quantum dots (CQDs) are regarded as a new type of carbon nanomaterials diameter of which is less than 10 nm with a zero-dimensional structure. These materials are classified based on variety in carbonization, polymerization, graphitization or doping to improve the optical performance by heteroatoms including boron, sulfur, phosphorus and nitrogen in forms of compounds like graphene quantum dots (GQDs), B, S, P or N-doped CQDs. These nanomaterials are synthesized through different mechanisms including hydrothermal method, microwaveassisted system, thermal etching, electrochemical and acidic oxidation of carbonous resources like citric acid, graphite, urea, biomasses, fullerene, black carbon, anthracite, petroleum coke, pyrene and so on. These compounds possess properties such as biocompatibility, strong dispersion in water and non-toxic organic solvents, physical and chemical stability, UV absorption ability and excellent fluorescence emission, and accordingly, are applied in synthesis of fluorescent polymers, UV-absorbent coatings, anti-spoofing labels, bio-sensors, photocatalysts, medical, biological and pharmaceutical applications, bio-imaging, and fluorescent scaffolds production.

a. Applications of CQDs

1) Composite materials

2) Bioimaging

3) Biosensors

4) Drug delivery

5) Nanomedicines

6) Optoelectronic devices

8) Fluorescent materials

9) Smart materials

10) UV-protective materials